Hydraulic systems are an essential part of various types of equipment. You’ll discover these systems in everything from industrial equipment to agricultural necessities. Understanding the hydraulic system your equipment uses for proper maintenance and care is essential.

System Basics

Before diving into the different types of systems, understanding your hydraulic system’s basics is critical. For hydraulic fluid, these systems use hydraulic oil. It’s pressurized to give your equipment power. Valves control the direction and flow of the liquid. Like hydraulic cylinders, things called actuators help hydraulic energy turn back into mechanical energy. Finally, the pump helps convert mechanical energy into hydraulic energy. According to Power & Motion, all pumps can be identified as positive or non-positive-displacement.

Construction Systems

While there are always exceptions, some common types of systems are found in construction equipment. Open hydraulic systems utilize a pump in constant motion to circulate hydraulic fluid, even when you aren’t using the equipment. These low-cost systems are standard in construction and agricultural machines. Modern construction equipment often has a closed system, meaning that the pump determines the fluid flow based on the load size. When equipment is not used, it slows circulation to reduce energy usage.

Other Common Systems

Regenerative systems utilize hydraulic cylinders to create more energy. The energy produced during a return stroke puts less stress on the hydraulic pump while maximizing efficiency. You’ll find these in machines used for faster cycles, like industrial stamping machines. Pressure-compensated systems are designed to have a consistent flow and don’t change based on the load. This makes them ideal for devices or equipment with conveyors that need to run constantly.

Combination Systems

It’s become increasingly common to see a combination of open and closed systems in modern equipment. The available method is used when there is less stress. However, the machine can switch to a secure system to handle larger loads. These combination systems give you the benefits of both an open and closed system while ensuring you conserve as much energy as possible.

Knowing the parts of the system, like the hydraulic cylinders, is essential if you need repairs. However, the first step is determining what type of system you have. For more questions regarding cylinders, hoses and fittings, and other hydraulic parts, contact Crown Hydraulics today.